How Salman Rushdie lived under the shadow of a fatwa for 30 years – as author is STABBED

Salman Rushdie has been stabbed on stage in New York more than 30 years after Iran’s theocratic dictatorship first forced him into hiding when it called on all Muslims to murder the celebrated author and anyone involved in the publication of The Satanic Verses.

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, then Supreme Leader of the Islamic republic, accused the British writer of committing blasphemy and issued a fatwa in February 1989 calling for his death.

Rushdie was forced into hiding for more than nine years – until the fatwa was lifted by the Iranian regime in 1998 – with ever-changing safe houses, constant armed guards and a new identity. His alias, Joseph Anton, was a combination of the first names of two of his favourite writers – Conrad and Chekhov. To his round-the-clock bodyguards he was simply known as Joe. 

The fatwa also led to the murder of the book’s Japanese translator Hitoshi Igarashi and worldwide riots and book-burnings, while The Satanic Verses itself was banned in many countries.

Speaking about the controversy with the Mail, Sir Salman said: ‘Being under the fatwa was a jail, but I think that one of the problems is that from the outside it looked glamorous, as I sometimes showed up in places in Jags with people jumping out to open the door and make sure you get in safely and so on. Looks of who the hell does he think he is? Well, from my side it felt like jail.

‘There was this crude argument that I did it in some way for personal advantage, to make myself more famous or to make money. At its most unpleasant it was levelled at me from the Islamic side that the Jews made me do it. They said my [second] wife was Jewish. She wasn’t, she was American.

‘If I had simply wanted to trade on an insult to Islam I could have done it in a sentence rather than writing a 250,000-word novel, a work of fiction.’

‘What you have to remember is that The Satanic Verses is not called Islam the Prophet, it is not called Mohammed, the country is not called Arabia – it all happens in the dream of somebody who is losing their mind.’

What still shocks him is that no radical Muslims in Britain who backed the call for his assassination were ever prosecuted.

‘There were these occasions, like in Manchester, where Muslim leaders said to their congregation, ‘Tell me who in this audience would be ready to kill Rushdie?’ and everyone in the audience raised their hand. And the police thought this was OK.’

He says: ‘Supposing I had been the Queen and an imam said to his congregation, ‘Who would be ready to kill the Queen?’ and everybody raised their hand. Would you think the police would not act?

‘I only use the Queen as an example to dramatise this but it seems odd that when it is a novelist of foreign origin, therefore not completely British in some way, that it was allowed to happen with impunity.’

Rushdie remembers his split from his wife Marianne as being a particularly traumatic time. She claimed that the CIA was aware of Rushdie’s whereabouts and so his cover was blown. When he realised that she was lying he decided to end the relationship.

‘It was very shocking. There simply was a point at which I had to choose whether to be alone in the middle of this hurricane with nobody there for companionship or whether I somehow had to put up with this person in whom it was difficult to have faith.

‘It was horrifying to be told by a policeman that they believed that your wife was lying to you. It is an experience most of us don’t have. And then for her to say that it was the police who were to be blamed and that I shouldn’t trust them sets a kind of mindf*** and I had to make my judgments. 

‘It became impossible for me to have faith in her veracity. So in the end I thought it was better to separate.’

In an interview three years ago, he said: ‘Islam was not a thing. No one was thinking in that way. One of the things that has happened is that people in the West are more informed than they used to be’. 

He ruefully added: ‘I was 41 back then, now I am 71. Things are fine now. We live in a world where the subject changes very fast. And this is a very old subject. There are now many other things to be frightened about – and other people to kill’.