Amazon deforestation hits all-time record in Brazil

By William On Jul 8, 2022

Amazon deforestation has hit an all-time record in Brazil, official data reveals.

Authorities say an area 1,539 square miles (3,988 square km) was deforested in Brazil’s portion of the Amazon from January to June this year.

This area, five times the size of New York City, marks the highest deforestation rate recorded for the first six months of the year in the Brazilian Amazon, Greenpeace says.

Deforestation is the process of permanently removing trees, often to make way for planting crops and cattle grazing to accommodate the human demand for food.

During deforestation, trees and vegetation are burnt or cut down, obliterating the forest habitat and causing a loss of biological diversity, conservationists say.

Deforestation in the Amazon (pictured) has just hit an all-time record, official data from Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research reveals

During deforestation, trees and vegetation are burnt or cut down, obliterating the forest habitat and causing a loss of biological diversity

An area 1,539 square miles (3,988 square km) was deforested in Brazil’s portion of the Amazon from January to June this year – higher than ever before

WHAT IS DEFORESTATION?

Deforestation – the permanent removal of trees – is a major environmental issue, causing destruction of forest habitat and the loss of biological diversity.

A big driver of deforestation is the deliberate ignition of the rainforest’s canopy to clear space for agricultural crops and cattle.

Unfortunately, carbon stored in the trees has the potential to be released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2).

Dubbed the planet’s lungs, forests act as huge carbon sinks that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow.

The new data has been published by Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, or INPE).

Commenting on the data in a statement, Greenpeace said the Amazon, the word’s largest rainforest, often referred to as the ‘lungs of the planet’, could soon be ‘pushed to the brink of collapse’.

‘Destroying the Amazon as the climate crisis rages is like taking a hammer to the air-con in a room that’s already getting hotter,’ said Louisa Casson, Greenpeace UK’s head of forests.

‘With every hectare of forest that gets chopped down, we’re pushing this climate-critical ecosystem closer to the brink of collapse while also threatening the rights of Indigenous Peoples.’

Forests are vital in the fight against the climate crisis, because they are carbon sinks – they’re capable of capturing and storing large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Trees help stop climate change by removing CO2, a greenhouse gas, from the air, using it for photosynthesis and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere.

The Amazon spans 2.1 million square miles across eight countries – Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname – but the majority, around 60 per cent, is within Brazil’s borders.

An official from Para State, northern Brazil, inspects a deforested area in the Amazon rain forest during surveillance in the municipality of Pacaja, 385 miles from the capital Belem, on September 22, 2021

Aerial picture showing a deforested piece of land in the Amazon rainforest near an area affected by fires, about 65 km from Porto Velho, in the state of Rondonia, in northern Brazil, on August 23, 2019

The new data follows domestic and international concern over Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro’s calls to clear land in the country’s proportion of the Amazon to drive economic development.

On average, the last three years under Bolsonaro (2019-2021) saw a 52.9 per cent increase in deforestation compared with the three previous years (2016-2018), according to Greenpeace.

The charity says Bolsonaro has advanced ‘radical legislative proposals’ that would reward land grabbing, undermine Indigenous Territories and end environmental licensing requirements – all of which encourage deforestation.

‘Governments and corporations need to stop fuelling the fire and pile pressure onto Bolsonaro’s government to make it stop,’ said Casson.

In a blog post earlier this year, Greenpeace called Bolsonaro ‘a catastrophe for the environment’ who has an ‘anti-environmental agenda’.

Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro (pictured) has been criticised over the clearing of land in the country’s proportion of the Amazon to drive economic development

An aerial view shows deforestation near a forest on the border between Amazonia and Cerrado in Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso state, Brazil July 28, 2021

In this photo taken on September 15, 2021, smoke rises from an illegal fire destroying Amazonia rainforest in Porto Velho, Rondonia state, Brazil

‘Bolsonaro’s administration has been weakening government bodies responsible for monitoring the environment and enforcing laws to protect the forest,’ it said.

‘Brazil has what it takes to be a global leader in environmental protection, with an economy that is sustainable and doesn’t benefit just a few.

‘But for that, we cannot allow Bolsonaro to continue ruling the country.’

Bolsonaro’s term is coming to an end in 2022, although he will be up for reelection.

Commercial agriculture and timber plantations, and their resulting exports to countries such as the UK, are driving deforestation.

Recognising this, the UK government announced in December that it will amend the UK’s supply chains of products such as cocoa, beef, soy, coffee, maize and palm oil.

However, Greenpeace said these measures wouldn’t end the UK’s ‘complicity in forest destruction that Bolsonaro deems legal’.

‘The deforestation law proposed by the UK government would barely make a dent on this issue,’ said Casson.

‘We need a zero-tolerance approach to Amazon destruction, or we’ll all pay the price.’

Britain’s obsession with timber, leather and beef ‘is having a heavy impact’ on the Amazon rainforest

Britain has an obsession with timber, leather and beef from Brazil, according to wildlife charities, who claim it is ‘having a heavy impact’ on rainforest wildfires.

Brazil, home to two-thirds of the Amazon rainforest, is one of the riskiest countries from which the UK imports key agricultural commodities, say the WWF and RSPB.

In a 2020 report the WWF say fires are being set deliberately to make room for agriculture to feed growing demand from places like the UK.

The latest figures suggest that 2,248 fire outbreaks were detected in the Amazon biome for the month of June – the highest number for 13 years.

Brazil represents 13.9 per cent of the UK overseas land footprint, according to a new report, equal to about 800,000 hectares or five times the area of Greater London.