Hope for thousands of men battling prostate cancer as scientists discover ‘practice changing’ drug combination that slashes risk of disease returning by 60%

  • 52,000 men are diagnosed with prostate cancer in the UK every year
  • Experts say the findings could represent a ‘practice change’ for men and increase survival

A combination of drugs could ‘transform’ the treatment of aggressive prostate cancer after studies showed it reduces the risk of recurrence by 60 per cent more than standard treatments.

Patients with an aggressive form of the disease who received enzalutamide in addition to standard hormone treatment reduced their risk of death by 58 percent.

Experts said the findings for men could ‘change practice’, both increasing survival rates and improving quality of life.

About a third of men who undergo surgery or radiation for prostate cancer will see the prostate cancer return, often aggressively.

They are usually treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), or hormone therapy, which reduces the production of the male sex hormone testosterone.

Enzalutamide (pronounced en-zal-loo-tah-my-de) is also known by the brand name Xtandi (pronounced ex-tan-dee), pictured, could increase survival rates, experts say

Enzalutamide (pronounced en-zal-loo-tah-my-de) is also known by the brand name Xtandi (pronounced ex-tan-dee), pictured, could increase survival rates, experts say

Testosterone helps prostate cancer cells grow and spread, and hormone therapy effectively reduces the growth-stimulating effects.

But ADT doesn’t completely eliminate testosterone, which means the cancer can still grow and can also have side effects, including erection problems and loss of libido.

In this study of 1,068 prostate cancer patients from 17 countries, researchers wanted to test whether enzalutamide could improve survival by slowing the spread.

A third of the men were given only enzalutamide, which works by preventing testosterone from stimulating the growth of cancer cells.

Another group received the daily tablet in addition to ADT and the remaining men received ADT alone, which is the current standard treatment.

Research has shown that men treated with enzalutamide alone were 37 percent less likely to die after five years than men who received ADT alone.

But this rose to 58 percent when enzalutamide was combined with ADT, according to findings published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, LA, said: ‘In the study, both new options improved metastasis-free survival while maintaining quality of life.

“If these treatments are approved… our results will be practice-changing.”

Prostate cancer is most common among men, with 52,000 people diagnosed with the disease in the UK every year.

The Mail has been campaigning for decades to improve prognosis and treatments to bring the disease on a par with breast cancer.

Until now, Pfizer’s drug has been used for other forms of prostate cancer, but there was no effective treatment for this particular aggressive type.

Amy Rylance, head of care improvement at Prostate Cancer UK, said: ‘This research is exciting because it shows that adding enzalutamide to standard treatment for these men more than halves the risk of their disease spreading or causing their death.

‘For men with aggressive prostate cancer, time is of the essence, so we hope that men in the UK can access this new treatment combination as soon as possible.’

Oliver Kemp, CEO of Prostate Cancer Research, said: ‘Far too many men suffer from recurring prostate cancer and existing treatments can cause serious side effects.

‘Therefore, the results of this trial are really encouraging and could open up new possibilities for patients.

‘Improving the available treatments is crucial, but so is early diagnosis. That’s why we encourage men who are concerned to talk to their doctor and get checked out.”

WHAT IS PROSTATE CANCER?

How many people does it kill?

More than 11,800 men in Britain – or one every 45 minutes – die from the disease every year, compared to around 11,400 women who die from breast cancer.

It means prostate cancer is behind only the lungs and bowels in the number of people it kills in Britain.

In the US, the disease kills 26,000 men every year.

Despite this, it receives less than half of breast cancer research funding and treatments for the disease are at least a decade behind schedule.

How many men are diagnosed annually?

More than 52,300 men are diagnosed with prostate cancer in the UK every year – more than 140 every day.

How quickly does it develop?

Prostate cancer usually develops slowly, so there may be no signs that someone has it for years NHS.

If the cancer is in its early stages and is not causing symptoms, a policy of ‘watchful waiting’ or ‘active surveillance’ may be implemented.

Some patients can be cured if the disease is treated at an early stage.

But if the diagnosis is made at a later stage, when the disease has spread, the disease becomes terminal and treatment revolves around relieving the symptoms.

Thousands of men are deterred from seeking a diagnosis because of the treatment’s known side effects, including erectile dysfunction.

Testing and treatment

Tests for prostate cancer are haphazard, and accurate tools are only just beginning to appear.

There is no national prostate screening program because the tests have been too inaccurate for years.

Doctors have difficulty distinguishing between aggressive and less serious tumors, making it difficult to decide on treatment.

Men over 50 are eligible for a ‘PSA’ blood test, which gives doctors a rough idea of ​​a patient’s risk.

But it is unreliable. Patients who receive a positive result usually receive a biopsy, which is also not foolproof.

Scientists aren’t sure what causes prostate cancer, but age, obesity and lack of exercise are known risks.

Anyone with concerns can speak to the specialist nurses at Prostate Cancer UK on 0800 074 8383 or visit prostatecancer.org